1 00:00:09,333 --> 00:00:09,625 Hello. 2 00:00:09,625 --> 00:00:14,416 For the purposes of this video today, we're going to have a look at Camshaft removal and inspection. 3 00:00:14,750 --> 00:00:19,291 We're going to have a look at inlet and exhaust valves, removing them from the cylinder head and inspection. 4 00:00:19,291 --> 00:00:24,041 And then in a later video we're going to have a look at measuring cylinder head for any warp that's occurred 5 00:00:24,041 --> 00:00:25,208 if it's overheated. 6 00:00:25,208 --> 00:00:28,666 And then how to refit the valves and check them for correct fitment. 7 00:00:29,500 --> 00:00:29,750 Okay. 8 00:00:29,750 --> 00:00:32,541 So first things first, camshaft itself is mounted on stands. 9 00:00:33,083 --> 00:00:36,625 What I'll do is remove the camshaft and then we'll take it out of the stands and turn it over. 10 00:00:36,833 --> 00:00:39,375 We've taken the manifolds and all the ancillaries off. 11 00:00:39,583 --> 00:00:42,708 So we've just basically got a bare cylinder the head without the rocker arms in. 12 00:00:44,250 --> 00:00:49,875 Okay, the keeper plate on here, holds the camshaft and prevents it from floating backwards and forwards during operation. 13 00:00:50,375 --> 00:00:52,875 So we'll just take the two bolts out of this. 14 00:01:05,875 --> 00:01:08,041 Super. So that's the keeper plate itself. 15 00:01:08,416 --> 00:01:09,708 There's a witness mark on there 16 00:01:09,708 --> 00:01:13,916 where it's been running in the cylinder head, so we make sure we refit it in the correct direction. 17 00:01:14,166 --> 00:01:17,875 With cylinder heads it's quite vital to have yourself a clear bench area, 18 00:01:17,875 --> 00:01:21,958 keep the items in the order you take them off and that will help reassembly later. 19 00:01:22,291 --> 00:01:27,416 It's good engineering practice because components wear to each other, so if you start to swap items about, 20 00:01:27,708 --> 00:01:30,666 you can have increased wear or poor performance in the components. 21 00:01:31,500 --> 00:01:31,833 Okay. 22 00:01:31,833 --> 00:01:33,666 So we can now remove the camshaft itself. 23 00:01:33,666 --> 00:01:35,875 We'll leave the sprocket on just to make it easier to move. 24 00:01:36,083 --> 00:01:37,916 We can just gently push it through from the back 25 00:01:39,750 --> 00:01:43,458 and then it will, with a bit of a seal on it, slide out. 26 00:01:44,500 --> 00:01:45,000 Okay. 27 00:01:46,041 --> 00:01:47,875 So we can remove that from there. 28 00:01:47,875 --> 00:01:50,125 We can pop that on the bench to inspect it. 29 00:01:50,125 --> 00:01:51,916 It's got an oil seal down there. 30 00:01:51,916 --> 00:01:56,125 So if we were servicing this when we refit it we'll remove that sprocket 31 00:01:56,125 --> 00:01:59,458 and then we'll replace that seal to prevent any leaks later on. 32 00:02:00,291 --> 00:02:00,500 Okay. 33 00:02:00,500 --> 00:02:02,875 So the camshaft itself, we can give it a clean over. 34 00:02:04,083 --> 00:02:06,833 It's a good indication of how an engine has been looked after. 35 00:02:06,833 --> 00:02:12,666 So apart from tarnishing on some of the lobes is some pretty good nick overall. 36 00:02:12,958 --> 00:02:15,583 So we could take it to an engineering firm and get it checked. 37 00:02:16,333 --> 00:02:20,708 They can check for any warp in the camshaft and any undue wear in the lobes. 38 00:02:21,500 --> 00:02:22,916 Ok, the sprocket itself. 39 00:02:23,500 --> 00:02:26,875 We can check that just to see if there's any wear on there 40 00:02:26,875 --> 00:02:29,250 that could damage the timing belt when we're replacing it. 41 00:02:30,125 --> 00:02:34,000 Generally, if we replace the bolt- if we replace the sprocket or remove it, 42 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:37,916 we should replace the bolt and obviously tighten it up to the correct torque setting. 43 00:02:39,125 --> 00:02:39,583 Okay. 44 00:02:39,583 --> 00:02:43,458 So while we've got in the cylinder head here, we can give these surfaces a wipe off on the inside 45 00:02:43,833 --> 00:02:47,500 and check the bearing races to see where the camshaft been running. 46 00:02:48,416 --> 00:02:54,041 This camshaft itself obviously, it's a hardened item, but it runs inside an aluminum cylinder head. 47 00:02:54,041 --> 00:02:59,250 OK, so if there's any oil supply issues here because that component is a lot harder 48 00:02:59,250 --> 00:03:04,250 than the cylinder head, it will actually wear the head away and it will cause oil pressure issues later on. 49 00:03:04,916 --> 00:03:07,666 Unfortunately, there's no way of servicing these and repairing them. 50 00:03:07,666 --> 00:03:11,666 So if it is excessively worn, unfortunately, it's going to be a replacement item. 51 00:03:12,541 --> 00:03:13,000 Okay. 52 00:03:13,000 --> 00:03:15,375 So what I'm going to do is I'm going to lift it off the stands 53 00:03:15,708 --> 00:03:20,708 and then we'll turn it on its side and we'll remove a couple of valves on the inlet and exhaust side. 54 00:03:21,833 --> 00:03:22,250 Right. 55 00:03:22,250 --> 00:03:24,833 Actually, what I'll do is I'll invert the head while we've got it. 56 00:03:25,250 --> 00:03:31,000 So generally as a rule is the camshaft is still in the cylinder head. 57 00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:34,666 Some of these valves will be open, so we can't put the head flat on the bench. 58 00:03:35,000 --> 00:03:39,708 On this occasion because we've taken it out, the valves are all fitted flush and we could turn this over. 59 00:03:40,333 --> 00:03:43,125 The only thing to note really is this dowel fitted in the head. 60 00:03:43,125 --> 00:03:46,500 Generally there's one at least there may be two in this cylinder head. 61 00:03:46,875 --> 00:03:49,875 And these locate the cylinder head on to the block. Okay. 62 00:03:49,875 --> 00:03:55,041 If these are damaged it will lead to damage to the gaskets and poor location of the head when you refit it. 63 00:03:55,625 --> 00:03:59,458 So as a rule, if you're replacing the cylinder head gasket, you've gone to this much trouble 64 00:03:59,458 --> 00:04:03,958 to strip the engine: order some dowels as well to go with it and replace these. 65 00:04:03,958 --> 00:04:05,833 They will come out with a pair of pliers 66 00:04:05,833 --> 00:04:09,708 and then you drift them in with soft faced hammer until they fit flush in the cylinder head. 67 00:04:10,750 --> 00:04:13,375 Okay, so we've got two valves, we've got inlet and exhaust. 68 00:04:13,875 --> 00:04:14,291 Okay. 69 00:04:14,291 --> 00:04:18,833 So generally rule the inlet valve is the bigger one and the exhaust valve is the smaller one. 70 00:04:19,375 --> 00:04:22,041 Okay so they're hardened and they fit into hardened seats 71 00:04:22,458 --> 00:04:25,666 and then we will remove a couple of valves and then we'll have a look inside. 72 00:04:26,541 --> 00:04:29,958 So what we can do with this in, for the cylinder heads, is we're looking for any wear 73 00:04:29,958 --> 00:04:33,333 or any kind of excessive sign of pitting or damage. 74 00:04:34,291 --> 00:04:39,166 Some heads do go porous and that means they absorb moisture and it starts to 75 00:04:40,333 --> 00:04:42,583 degrade the kind of integrity of the head. 76 00:04:42,916 --> 00:04:48,333 If you've got that kind of problem, then really you need to take it to an engineering firm and get them to assess 77 00:04:48,333 --> 00:04:52,083 whether it's going to be worth repairing or whether it's actually going to need replacement. 78 00:04:52,875 --> 00:04:56,541 Okay. So what we can do now is we can have a look and we can check for a warp 79 00:04:56,541 --> 00:04:59,791 or bow in the head if it's overheated because it's made from aluminum. 80 00:05:00,458 --> 00:05:00,791 Okay. 81 00:05:00,791 --> 00:05:05,416 And to do this, we use a straight edge and we use a set of feeler gauges. 82 00:05:05,416 --> 00:05:07,958 And we're going to measure it in three planes. 83 00:05:08,208 --> 00:05:10,333 So we're going to measure from end to end. 84 00:05:10,333 --> 00:05:14,500 We're going to measure from corner to corner, and we're going to measure from side to side. 85 00:05:14,833 --> 00:05:19,875 And that way, by measuring in three different angles, that will give us a true picture of how much bow 86 00:05:19,875 --> 00:05:21,750 is actually across the head. 87 00:05:21,750 --> 00:05:24,833 So the first inspection we do take the worst of the gasket off. 88 00:05:24,833 --> 00:05:28,291 It doesn't have to be 100% clean as long as you've got a fairly smooth surface 89 00:05:28,666 --> 00:05:31,250 and then we can just put the straight edge across. 90 00:05:31,250 --> 00:05:34,416 And what we're doing is we're trying to look basically to see 91 00:05:34,416 --> 00:05:37,625 if we've got any light visible from underneath. 92 00:05:38,333 --> 00:05:43,041 If we haven't, then it's fairly safe to assume that it's going to be good. 93 00:05:44,458 --> 00:05:47,416 Okay, so we can go across those and then we can go from corner 94 00:05:47,416 --> 00:05:50,750 to corner to allow for any twists that might have occurred in the head. 95 00:05:50,750 --> 00:05:54,291 I'll get a very small feeler gauge, just as a double check. 96 00:05:54,291 --> 00:05:56,666 But I think we'll find with this we're probably okay 97 00:05:57,916 --> 00:06:00,500 so I've got a .06 millimeter gauge. 98 00:06:01,125 --> 00:06:02,875 If we run that across yep. 99 00:06:05,125 --> 00:06:06,375 That won't fit anywhere in there. 100 00:06:06,375 --> 00:06:10,583 So if you look on the manufacturer's specifications, it will actually give you 101 00:06:10,583 --> 00:06:13,666 a maximum wear limit for bow, or warp. 102 00:06:14,333 --> 00:06:17,958 Then we can check across that edge as well. 103 00:06:19,291 --> 00:06:22,791 Yep, that is within tolerance, I think, it's very slight. 104 00:06:22,791 --> 00:06:27,125 So what I would suggest is on initial inspection that looks okay. 105 00:06:27,333 --> 00:06:30,125 I would say if you've had a vehicle that's overheated, it's worth 106 00:06:30,125 --> 00:06:33,166 getting the head skimmed and pressure tested by an engineering firm. 107 00:06:34,041 --> 00:06:37,500 It's a specialist job and generally most garages won't undertake that. 108 00:06:37,500 --> 00:06:40,041 They'll send it away and get it tested. 109 00:06:40,041 --> 00:06:43,416 But for a relatively small sum, we can tell them whether the head 110 00:06:43,416 --> 00:06:47,583 has been warped and we can pressure test it to see if there's any cracks. 111 00:06:47,583 --> 00:06:53,541 Generally cracks show up quite easily, but if it's a really small cracks, then it won't show up to the naked eye. 112 00:06:53,791 --> 00:06:56,333 So pressure testing is the way to go. 113 00:06:56,333 --> 00:07:00,583 Okay, so for the next section of this video, what I'll do is I'll turn the head on its side 114 00:07:00,791 --> 00:07:04,458 and then we'll remove a couple of valves and then we'll inspect the seats and the valve guides.