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In this video, we're
 going to be taking a look at

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what's needed to fly your drone safely
 and legally within the U.K.

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We will not be able to cover every detail

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of the new drone
 regulations within this short video.

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But we aim to give you an overview
 and an insight into what rules

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you have to adhere to
 and point you in the right direction.

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If you want to take your drone
 flying further than just a hobby

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as of January 2021, 

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all drones that way over two hundred
 and fifty grams must be registered.

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To register your drone. 

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You must obtain both a flier
 ID and an operator ID from the CAA.

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The types of flying you do with your drone
 are known as operations.

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There are different
 categories of operations.

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And these categories determine things
 like where you can fly

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and how close to people
 and crowds you can fly.

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The four categories that we 

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need to be aware of are open
 A1 and A3 - basic low risk flying.

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Open A2, which is
 more risk than A1 and A3.

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Specific, which is moderate risk flying
 and Certified, which is high risk flying.

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The flier ID allows you to fly in open
 A1 and A3 subcategories,

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which is the starting point for anyone
 wanting to fly a drone in the UK.

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How close you can fly
 to people and crowds in built up areas

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is determined by a list of regulations
 that will differ for each category.

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For the purpose of this video

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we'll be looking
 mainly at the open categories

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and what you can
 and can't do within these regulations.

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These regulations are known
 as the drone code,

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and the content makes up the questions
 included in the theory test

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to gain your flyer ID.

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First of all, you're responsible
 for flying safely whenever you fly.

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Follow this code to make sure
 you never put people in danger.

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Always be ready in case
 something should go wrong with your drone.

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You could be fined for breaking the law
 when flying your drone or model aircraft.

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In the most serious cases,
 you could be sent to prison.

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Always keep your drone
 in direct line of sight

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and make sure you have full view
 of the surrounding airspace.

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You must be sure that you can spot
 any nearby hazards in the air

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or on the ground and avoid any collisions.

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You must be able to see your drone
 without using binoculars, a telephoto lens

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or any electronic viewing equipment such
 as a smartphone, tablet or video goggles.

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Normal glasses and
 contact lenses are fine.

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You can ask somebody to be your observer
 or a spotter when you fly.

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They must stand next to you 

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and you must be able
 to talk to each other at all times.

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One of you must be able to keep your drone
 in direct line of sight

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and have a full view
 of the surrounding airspace at all times.

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The observer or spotter
 does not need to have a flier ID.

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We must tell them what to look out for. 

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Remember, you're still responsible
 for keeping the flight safe.

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Always fly below 120 meters or 400 feet.

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This will reduce the risk
 of coming across other aircraft,

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which normally fly higher than this. 

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Always look and listen out
 for other aircraft

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that may be flying
 below 120 meters or 400 feet.

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Such as air ambulances
 or police helicopters.

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Your drone must never
 be more than a hundred and twenty meters

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or 400 feet from the closest point
 of the earth's surface.

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Do not fly closer
 to people than 50 meters.

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This includes people in buildings
 and transport, including cars,

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lorries, trains and boats. 

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You must keep a minimum
 horizontal distance of 50 meters

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between your drone and people.

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This creates a no fly zone
 around the people.

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That goes all the way
 up to the legal height limit.

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It can help to think of this
 no fly zone as a cylinder.

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You must not fly over people
 in this no fly zone.

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Even if you fly higher than 50 meters,

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sometimes you'll need to increase
 the 50 meter minimum distance from people

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to make sure your flight remains
 safe. Follow these general rules.

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If you fly higher than 50 meters, 

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you should keep the same
 distance horizontally.

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For example, keep 80 meters away
 if you fly to heights of 80 meters.

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If poor weather conditions mean
 that there could be a greater risk

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to people, fly further away from them.

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For example, if it's very windy, 

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you should fly further away
 from people and crowds.

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Never fly over people
 who are crowded together.

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A crowd is any group of people
 who cannot move away quickly

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because of a number of people around them. 

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Never do this no matter
 what size of drone you have.

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Examples of places
 where people are often crowded together

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include but are not limited
 to shopping areas, sports

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events, music festivals
 and the beach or par.

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Keep at least a hundred and fifty meters
 away from residential, recreational,

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commercial and industrial areas.

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Be prepared to increase the distance
 if you need to keep the flight safe.

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Stay well away from airports,
 airfields and aircraft.

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Most airports and airfields have a flight
 restriction zone known as an FRZ.

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Never fly in this zone unless you have
 permission from the airport.

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The drone safe website
 give details of airfield restrictions

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and more information on getting permission
 from air traffic control.

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Some drone apps also give details
 of flight restriction zones.

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Moving on to NOTAMS - notices to airmen,
 NOTAMS are official notices

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that tell people about activities
 that may be hazardous to flying.

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For example, a balloon show
 or R.A.F. training,

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many drone apps include details of NOTAMS. 

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You can also find NOTAMS
 at the NATS Drone website.

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And finally, privacy, respect
 other the people and their privacy.

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If your drone is fitted with a camera
 or a listening device,

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you must respect people's privacy
 wherever you use them.

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If you use these devices where people
 can expect privacy, such as inside

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their home or garden, you are likely
 to be breaking data protection laws.

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This code covers
 flying in the open, A1 and A3 categories,

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if you fly outside
 of these rules in this code,

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you may need special authorization,
 further licenses or permissions.

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The A2 certificate of competency

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will cover 90 percent of the flights
 you're trying to achieve as a new pilot.

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If you want to use a heavier drone
 with a cinema camera, or work for larger

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organizations, you may need a
 qualification known as a GVC.