1 00:00:09,416 --> 00:00:09,708 Hello. 2 00:00:09,708 --> 00:00:14,666 The purpose of this video is we're going to have a quick look at turbocharging on this Ford Eco Boost engine. 3 00:00:14,916 --> 00:00:17,375 So we've got the engine on the stand for ease of access. 4 00:00:17,416 --> 00:00:20,958 We're going to run through the basic components of the turbo charging unit, 5 00:00:22,416 --> 00:00:25,291 electrical connections and also water and oil connections. 6 00:00:25,500 --> 00:00:28,541 And then the next clip, we're going to have a look at unit removed on a bench 7 00:00:28,541 --> 00:00:31,375 and do the basic checks for damage and wear, etc.. 8 00:00:31,833 --> 00:00:33,625 OK, so turbocharging unit. 9 00:00:33,625 --> 00:00:36,791 It's driven by the exhaust gases out of the engine. 10 00:00:36,791 --> 00:00:39,500 We'll cover supercharging in a later video. 11 00:00:39,500 --> 00:00:44,250 Turbocharged unit is driven by the exhaust gas, so any issues in 12 00:00:44,250 --> 00:00:47,541 the exhaust system will lead to turbo poor performance. 13 00:00:48,541 --> 00:00:50,916 The common misconception is if you've got low boost 14 00:00:50,916 --> 00:00:53,750 from a turbo, it's the actual turbo unit at fault. 15 00:00:54,125 --> 00:00:55,625 It's a bit of a human nature thing. 16 00:00:55,625 --> 00:00:58,416 We automatically assume it's the most expensive unit in the system. 17 00:00:58,750 --> 00:01:02,500 Generally, as a rule these are precision engineered, and unless they've suffered 18 00:01:02,500 --> 00:01:07,416 some catastrophic failure, they're reliable to at least 100,000 thousand miles. 19 00:01:08,041 --> 00:01:10,833 OK, so this unit has got a heat shield built into it. 20 00:01:10,833 --> 00:01:13,833 We'll cover the construction in the second video. 21 00:01:13,833 --> 00:01:18,208 But this heat shield is fitted because of the massive amount of heat that's generated inside this unit, 22 00:01:18,458 --> 00:01:22,416 and we need to shield the rest of the engine bay from that heat. OK. 23 00:01:23,000 --> 00:01:25,041 It's made from cast iron this side of the unit. 24 00:01:25,625 --> 00:01:30,958 This side, where it's an aluminum alloy side, is classed as the cold side of the turbo. 25 00:01:30,958 --> 00:01:34,541 So this is just got cold air going into it from the induction system. 26 00:01:34,875 --> 00:01:38,083 And then this side generates the heat and then the turbo boost. 27 00:01:38,541 --> 00:01:43,875 This side of the system will have the exhaust catalytic converter and possibly DPF filter on the outside. 28 00:01:44,125 --> 00:01:46,916 And then the exhaust gas, that exits the engine from here. 29 00:01:47,500 --> 00:01:49,666 Two pipes supplying to this one. 30 00:01:49,666 --> 00:01:53,416 So we've got an oil feed which is fed under pressure from this side of the engine. 31 00:01:53,416 --> 00:01:57,666 So the second we start the engine and the pumps running these turbo bearings 32 00:01:57,666 --> 00:02:02,250 have got pressure fed oil to them, and the bearings shaft itself floats on a bed of oil. 33 00:02:02,875 --> 00:02:06,375 OK, these units spin up to about 180,000 r.p.m. 34 00:02:06,375 --> 00:02:12,125 at full boost, so we need to keep that oil clean, filtered and under pressure going through the system . 35 00:02:12,125 --> 00:02:16,833 OK, the return from the turbo unit back to the sump is the small pipe at the bottom, 36 00:02:17,208 --> 00:02:20,791 and that literally is gravity return pipe to the sump 37 00:02:20,791 --> 00:02:23,125 and then the oil goes into the lap inside the system. 38 00:02:23,916 --> 00:02:27,333 OK, so for making these turbo units last longer, 39 00:02:27,750 --> 00:02:30,541 try not to rev the engine excessively from cold start. 40 00:02:30,541 --> 00:02:33,458 We try and let the unit warm up before we drive it. 41 00:02:33,833 --> 00:02:35,791 OK for emergency vehicles, etc. 42 00:02:35,791 --> 00:02:37,666 That's not always practical. 43 00:02:37,666 --> 00:02:41,750 If they were on an emergency call out, they're just going to start the engine and drive it at full speed. 44 00:02:41,958 --> 00:02:48,125 So this can lead to excessive wear and then we can monitor that by doing the physical checks in the second video. 45 00:02:49,833 --> 00:02:52,083 On warm down for the unit as well, try 46 00:02:52,083 --> 00:02:55,750 and let the unit idle for 30 seconds or so before we switch the engine off. 47 00:02:56,291 --> 00:03:00,000 Otherwise, if we rev the engine under boost and then switch the ignition off, 48 00:03:00,791 --> 00:03:05,250 that impeller will be spinning at high speed and we will be starving it of pressurised oil. 49 00:03:05,500 --> 00:03:08,083 And that's probably where 90% of the turbo wear occurs. 50 00:03:08,791 --> 00:03:11,958 Incorrect use from hot and cold can kind of damage the bearings. 51 00:03:12,875 --> 00:03:15,708 Don't run these units without an air filter because the air filter 52 00:03:15,708 --> 00:03:19,041 filters out any large lumps of debris from going through the engine. 53 00:03:19,291 --> 00:03:23,000 If they do, they can go in through the intake pipe and strike the impeller. 54 00:03:23,583 --> 00:03:26,375 OK, if this happens, we'll look at that in the second video. 55 00:03:26,375 --> 00:03:28,125 We've got the damaged one to look at. 56 00:03:28,125 --> 00:03:33,291 It affects the performance, creates unwanted noises and can create vibration in the unit. 57 00:03:34,208 --> 00:03:35,875 The units themselves are rebuildable. 58 00:03:35,875 --> 00:03:39,333 You can actually rebuild them at home in a reasonably equiped workshop. 59 00:03:39,583 --> 00:03:44,666 The only thing we can't do is balance the turbine unit because it runs at such high speed 60 00:03:44,916 --> 00:03:48,166 if it's out of balance, exaggerates it massively 61 00:03:48,166 --> 00:03:51,291 when it's running, and then we end up with vibration issues. 62 00:03:51,625 --> 00:03:55,416 So my advice would be is to get a reconditioned unit, OK? 63 00:03:55,416 --> 00:03:56,958 Because then you've got a guarantee. 64 00:03:56,958 --> 00:04:00,375 If you buy reconditioned unit, you must replace the oil supply pipe, 65 00:04:00,625 --> 00:04:04,750 you must replace the return pipe and you must do an engine oil and filter change. OK. 66 00:04:05,166 --> 00:04:08,291 If you don't, then that'll invalidate the warranty on the new unit 67 00:04:08,583 --> 00:04:13,125 because if the oil has been contaminated inside the engine and we start the new turbine 68 00:04:13,125 --> 00:04:16,625 with the old oil in it, it's going to damage it before we've even run it up the road. 69 00:04:17,416 --> 00:04:21,833 OK, so installation there then, it's a cast unit with a gasket, 70 00:04:22,708 --> 00:04:26,625 the nuts and stuff and the gaskets must be replaced every time we remove the unit. 71 00:04:27,708 --> 00:04:28,791 Everything must be torqued to 72 00:04:28,791 --> 00:04:34,375 the correct setting and before we run the turbo charge on the new unit, we must prime the oil system 73 00:04:34,666 --> 00:04:37,625 so we make sure the engine can't start by disconnecting the coils. 74 00:04:38,083 --> 00:04:42,750 And then we crank the engine until there's fresh oil under pressure, going through to the turbine unit 75 00:04:43,208 --> 00:04:46,541 and therefore through the return , then we can plug the coils back in 76 00:04:46,541 --> 00:04:49,541 and then we can just let the engine idle just to check the connections. 77 00:04:50,208 --> 00:04:52,541 The second pipe on here's for the cooling system, 78 00:04:53,083 --> 00:04:56,083 it does seem weird to run coolant past a turbocharger. 79 00:04:56,416 --> 00:05:00,541 two reasons for that the flow of water through these pipes cools the cooling system. 80 00:05:00,875 --> 00:05:03,208 It also takes heat away from the turbocharger. 81 00:05:03,708 --> 00:05:06,875 OK, so with all these connections, we must make sure they're leak free 82 00:05:07,250 --> 00:05:12,166 because any leaks on this part of the system, if it's oil, it could potentially cause an engine fire, 83 00:05:12,666 --> 00:05:14,833 if it's coolant, then obviously it's going to cause 84 00:05:15,375 --> 00:05:18,875 a loss of water in the cooling system, and potential overheating issues later. 85 00:05:19,458 --> 00:05:24,041 So basic setup is once we've replaced the unit is to run it at idle 86 00:05:24,041 --> 00:05:27,833 on the ramp and keep a close eye on all the connections to make sure there's no leaks. 87 00:05:29,208 --> 00:05:32,625 We'll cover the air intake system in a separate video, 88 00:05:32,625 --> 00:05:36,583 and we'll trace the airflow from the start of the air box through to the turbine unit. 89 00:05:38,583 --> 00:05:40,166 And that concludes this part of the video.